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Tulsa Race Massacre, Tulsa, Okla., 1921

LC control no.sh2019000150
Topical headingTulsa Race Massacre, Tulsa, Okla., 1921
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Variant(s)Tulsa Massacre, Tulsa, Okla., 1921
Tulsa Race Riot, Tulsa, Okla., 1921
See alsoMassacres--Oklahoma
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Race riots--Oklahoma
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Found inWork cat: 2018054090: Krehbiel, R. Tulsa, 1921, reporting a massacre, 2019 : CIP summary (Examines the events and players contributing to, participating in, and responding to Tulsa's 1921 race riot and massacre and the social, political and historical context in which it occurred) galley (Tulsa Massacre; Tulsa Race Riot; during the evening of May 31 and the early morning hours of June 1, 1921)
Britannica online, June 29, 2019: Tulsa race riot of 1921 (also called Tulsa race massacre of 1921; race riot that began on May 31, 1921, in Tulsa, Oklahoma; one of the most severe incidents of racial violence in U.S. history; lasted for two days; left somewhere between 30 and 300 people dead, mostly African Americans, and destroyed Tulsa's prosperous black neighbourhood of Greenwood, known as the "black Wall Street"; over 1,400 homes and businesses burned; nearly 10,000 people left homeless)
Tulsa Historical Society and Museum WWW site, Aug. 19, 2019: 1921 Tulsa Race Massacre (In recent years there has been ongoing discussion about what to call the event that happened in 1921. Historically, it has been called the Tulsa Race Riot. Some say it was given that name at the time for insurance purposes. Designating it a riot prevented insurance companies from having to pay benefits to the people of Greenwood whose homes and businesses were destroyed. It also was common at the time for any large-scale clash between different racial or ethnic groups to be categorized a race riot.)
Oklahoma Historical Society WWW site, Aug. 19, 2019: Tulsa Race Massacre (During the course of eighteen terrible hours on May 31 and June 1, 1921, more than one thousand homes and businesses were destroyed, while credible estimates of deaths range from fifty to three hundred. By the time the violence ended, the city had been placed under martial law, thousands of Tulsans were being held under armed guard, and the state's second-largest African American community had been burned to the ground)
Google, Aug. 19, 2019: ("Tulsa Race Riot:" 107,000 hits; "Tulsa Race Massacre," 28,400 hits)
1921 Tulsa Race Massacre Centennial Commission, via WWW, July 22, 2020:
   <https://www.tulsa2021.org/>
Washington Post, Sept. 30, 2018, page A1: Amid gentrification, a race massacre still haunts Tulsa (one of the worst episodes of racial violence in U.S. history: the 1921 Tulsa Race Massacre)
New York Times, Dec. 6, 2019, page C27: Alvin Ailey American Dance Theater (On Friday, the company introduces the veteran Seattle-based choreographer Donald Byrd's "Greenwood," about the Tulsa Race Massacre in 1921)
Library of Congress research guides, July 22, 2020: Tulsa Race Massacre: Topics in Chronicling America [note title of research guide]
Congressional record, May 22, 2019, page S3025, column 1: Senator James Lankford [Oklahoma] (Dr. Olivia Hooker passed away just this last November. She was one of the last survivors of the Tulsa Race Massacre.)
116th Congress, Senate Resolution S647: A resolution recognizing the forthcoming centennial of the 1921 Tulsa Race Massacre
116th Congress, House Resolution 1038: Recognizing the forthcoming centennial of the 1921 Tulsa Race Massacre
Google, Aug. 31, 2020: ("Tulsa Race Massacre": 299,000 hits; "Tulsa Race Riot": 125,000 hits, starting with Wikipedia article on "Tulsa race massacre"; "Tulsa Race Riots": 81,500 hits, starting with same Wikipedia article; "Tulsa Race Massacres": 2,850 hits)