| LC control no. | n 88132012 |
|---|---|
| Descriptive conventions | rda |
| Personal name heading | Newcastle, John Holles, Duke of, 1662-1711 |
| Variant(s) | Holles, John, Duke of Newcastle, 1662-1711 Hollis, John, Duke of Newcastle, 1662-1711 John, Duke of Newcastle, 1662-1711 Newcastle upon Tyne, John Holles, Duke of, 1662-1711 Clare, John Holles, Marquess of, 1662-1711 Clare, John Holles, Earl of, 1662-1711 Holles, John, Marquess of Clare, 1662-1711 Holles, John, Earl of Clare, 1662-1711 Haughton, John Holles, Lord, 1662-1711 Houghton, John Holles, Lord, 1662-1711 Houghton of Houghton, John Holles, Baron, 1662-1711 Holles, John, Lord Haughton, 1662-1711 Holles, John, Baron Houghton of Houghton, 1662-1711 |
| See also | Newcastle, Thomas Pelham-Holles, Duke of, 1693-1768 Officer of: Great Britain. Privy Council Officer of: England and Wales. Privy Council |
| Biography/History note | John Holles, Duke of Newcastle (1662-1711), also known as Duke of Newcastle upon Tyne, was a leading member of the English nobility, sitting in the House of Lords from 1689 to 1711. He owned extensive estates and exercised political influence through national and local offices as well as political patronage. He served under Queen Anne as Lord Privy Seal from March 1705 until his death (15 July 1711) and was one of the commissioners whose negotiations led to the 1707 Union of Scotland with England and Wales. The eldest son of Gilbert Holles, third Earl of Clare (1633-1689), John Holles gained the title of Lord Haughton (or Houghton) in 1666, inherited the title of Earl of Clare in 1689, inherited the estates of his father-in-law, Henry Cavendish, second Duke of Newcastle (1630-1691), and was named Marquess of Clare and Duke of Newcastle in 1694. He had no son; his nephew Thomas Pelham (1693-1768) inherited the majority of his estates, becoming Duke of Newcastle and taking the name Thomas Pelham-Holles, while the rest went to his daughter, Henrietta Cavendish Holles Harley, Countess of Oxford (1694-1755). |
| Associated country | Great Britain England and Wales England |
| Associated place | Newcastle upon Tyne (England) Northumberland (England) Clare (Ireland) Yorkshire (England) Dorset (England) |
| Located | Nottinghamshire (England) Welbeck Abbey (England) Middlesex (England) Holborn (London, England) Haughton (Nottinghamshire, England) |
| Birth date | 1662-01-09 |
| Death date | 1711-07-15 |
| Place of birth | Nottinghamshire (England) |
| Place of death | Welbeck Abbey (England) |
| Field of activity | Administration of estates Great Britain--Politics and government England and Wales--Politics and government Patronage, Political |
| Affiliation | Great Britain. Privy Council Great Britain. Lord Privy Seal England and Wales. Privy Council England and Wales. Lord Privy Seal Great Britain. Parliament. House of Lords England and Wales. Parliament. House of Lords Order of the Garter Westminster Abbey |
| Profession or occupation | Landowners Nobility Politicians Statesmen Public officers Legislators Cabinet officers |
| Found in | Great Britain. An Act to Render More Effectual the Agreements that Have Been Made Between Thomas Holles, Duke of Newcastle, Henry Pelham, Esq., Edward Lord Harley, and the Lady Henrietta, His Wife ... in Relation to the Will and Estate of John, Late Duke of Newcastle, 1719, viewed online 22 March 2017: t.p. (John, late Duke of Newcastle; the last will and testament of me, John Lord Duke of Newcastle, Lord Privy Seal, and Knight of the most noble Order of the Garter) DNB (Holles, John, Duke of Newcastle, 1662-1711) Phillips (Newcastle, John Holles, Duke of, d. 1711) Lippincott's (under Newcastle, Thomas Pelham, Duke of: John Hollis, Duke of Newcastle) Webster's biog. dict. (under Newcastle: John Holles, 1662-1711; 1st Duke of Newcastle) Fryer, John. A new account of East-India and Persia, in eight letters, 1698: dedication page, preliminary page 3 (John Holles, Duke of Newcastle, Marquis, and Earl of Clare, Baron Houghton of Houghton, Lord Lieutenant of the County of Nottingham, and custos rotulorum for the said County and Town of Nottingham) Oxford dictionary of national biography, 22 March 2017 (Holles, John, duke of Newcastle upon Tyne (1662-1711), landowner and politician; born 9 January 1662, probably in Nottinghamshire, eldest son of Gilbert Holles, third earl of Clare (1633-1689); from his father's accession to the earldom in 1666, was known as Lord Haughton; elected to the Convention Parliament as a member for Nottinghamshire on 14 January 1689, but two days after his election his father died and he became fourth earl of Clare and inherited the Holles estates mainly in Nottinghamshire and London, entering the House of Lords; gentleman of the bedchamber to William III (1689-1691) and lord lieutenant of Middlesex (1689-1692); married Margaret, a daughter of Henry Cavendish, second duke of Newcastle; on 26 July 1691, inherited the Newcastle estates, including land in Northumberland, the east midlands, Staffordshire, and Yorkshire; on 25 January 1694, also inherited other Holles property scattered throughout southern England, added to the Nottinghamshire properties, re-created the Holles interest in Lincolnshire, and acquired substantial estates in Cambridgeshire, Bedfordshire and Huntingdonshire; on 14 May 1694, was created marquess of Clare and duke of Newcastle upon Tyne; the next month, became lord lieutenant of Nottinghamshire; installed KG on 7 July 1698; in August 1699, awarded lieutenancy of East Riding of Yorkshire and wardenship of New Forest; in January 1701, became high steward of Dorchester; an informed and careful steward of his estates; Welbeck Abbey, inherited through his wife, became his principal residence instead of the Holles family seat of Haughton; one of the leading electoral patrons of his day; in March 1705, under Queen Anne, joined Godolphin-Marlborough administration as Lord Privy Seal, a position retained under both Whig and Tory administrations; became Lord Lieutenant of North Riding of Yorkshire; 1706-1707, a commissioner for the union with Scotland; became chief justice in eyre, north of Trent, from September 1710, and lord lieutenant of Middlesex in July 1711; died 15 July 1711 at Welbeck; buried on 9 August 1711 at Westminster Abbey; the dukedom and the majority of his estates were left to his nephew, Thomas Pelham (see Holles, Thomas Pelham-, duke of Newcastle upon Tyne and first duke of Newcastle under Lyme); other properties went to his only child, Henrietta (1694-1755) (see Harley, Henrietta Cavendish, countess of Oxford and Mortimer)) The history of Parliament Web site, 22 March 2017 (Holles, John, Lord Houghton (1662-1711), of Haughton, Notts., and Warwick House, Holborn, Mdx.; suc. fa. as 4th Earl of Clare 16 Jan. 1689; cr. Duke of Newcastle 14 May 1694; KG 30 May 1698; Offices held: J.p. custos rot. and ld. lt. Mdx. and Westminster 1689-92, 1711-d., Notts. 1694-d., Yorks (E. Riding) 1699-d.; high steward, East Retford 1689-d., Dorchester 1701-d.; col. of militia ft. Notts. by 1697-d.; steward of Sherwood Forest 1699-d.; gov. Kingston-upon-Hull 1699-d.; ld. lt. Yorks. (N. Riding) 1705-d; Gent. of the bedchamber 1689-9 1; commr. for Greenwich hospital 1695-d.; ld. privy seal 1705-d.; PC 29 Mar. 1705-d.; commr. for union with Scotland 1706; c.j. in eyre (north) 1711-d; was returned for Nottinghamshire at the general election of 1689, but succeeded to the peerage before Parliament met; wealthy, wielded enormous influence, controlling as many as ten Members in the Parliament of 1705) University of Nottingham website, 22 March 2017: Manuscripts and Special Collections: Biography of John Holles, 3rd Duke of Newcastle upon Tyne and 4th Earl of Clare, 1662-1711 (John Holles, 3rd Duke of Newcastle upon Tyne and 4th Earl of Clare (1662-1711); the eldest son of Gilbert Holles, 3rd Earl of Clare, John Holles was known as Lord Haughton from 1666 until he succeeded to his father's title in 1689; became Marquess of Clare and Duke of Newcastle upon Tyne in 1694; became Lord Privy Seal and was an influential figure in the discussions which ultimately led to the Treaty of Union (with Scotland) in 1707) Turberville, Arthur Stanley. The House of Lords in the reign of William III, 1970 (reprint of 1913 manifestation): page 260 (index entry: Newcastle, John Holles, fourth Earl of Clare and afterwards first Duke of) |
| Not found in | Cassell's; Enc. brit. 15th ed. |
| Associated language | eng |
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